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This is the short trick to remember placentation examples from morphology of flowering plants chapter of class 11 Based on NCERT.

These are the Short Tricks to remember the Examples for Homologous and Analogous Structures of evolution chapter class 12 based totally on NCERT . Using This you can easily remember these confusing examples once and for all Homologous  Analogous

This is the chart of All the examples and characteristics mentioned in animal kingdom chapter ,using this chart you will be able to revise phylums all at once very easily without wasting much time.

What is photosynthesis? Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants synthesize complex carbohydrates from simple substances like carbon dioxide and water with the help of light energy . During photosynthesis ,in green parts of the plant (chloroplast) 2 reactions take place  ,light reaction  and  dark reaction.

Before going into the detail of the light dependent reaction, some points have to be made clear about the light dependent phase:    The Light-dependent reaction of photosynthesis takes place in  the thylakoids of the chloroplast. Two major processes  take place     §     ATP and NADPH  are formed. §    Splitting of  the water molecule (photolysis) takes place to give oxygen. ·           The  ATP and NADPH  formed in the light reaction are utilized to form carbohydrate in the dark reaction.      So, what should be the  first step of the light  reaction ?    The absorption of light (duh!) The light reaction begins with the absorption of light in the thylakoids . Now , you may think that why is light absorption possible only in the thylakoids ? It is because the thylakoids have two very hard working friends that make it  possible , each of which is  called  a photosystem (PS680 AND PS700). They are embedded in the  thylakoid membrane and absorb light